jeopardy/webp-old.lua
2026-05-06 19:39:08 -07:00

603 lines
23 KiB
Lua

-- webp.lua — Pure Lua VP8L (lossless WebP) decoder for Love2D (LuaJIT)
-- Supports: VP8L (lossless) only. VP8 (lossy) is not feasible in pure Lua.
-- Usage: local WebP = require("webp"); local img = WebP.load("sprite.webp")
local WebP = {}
local bit = require("bit")
local band = bit.band
local bor = bit.bor
local lshift = bit.lshift
local rshift = bit.rshift
local tobit = bit.tobit
-- ─── Bitstream reader ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-- VP8L is LSB-first. We maintain a 32-bit window since LuaJIT bit ops are 32-bit.
local function newBitReader(data)
local r = {
data = data,
pos = 1, -- next byte to load (1-based)
window = 0, -- current bit window (32-bit)
bits = 0, -- valid bits in window
}
function r:fill()
while self.bits <= 24 and self.pos <= #self.data do
local byte = self.data:byte(self.pos)
self.window = bor(self.window, lshift(byte, self.bits))
self.bits = self.bits + 8
self.pos = self.pos + 1
end
end
function r:read(n)
if self.bits < n then self:fill() end
local v = band(self.window, lshift(1, n) - 1)
self.window = rshift(self.window, n)
self.bits = self.bits - n
return v
end
function r:readBool()
return self:read(1) == 1
end
r:fill()
return r
end
-- ─── Huffman trees ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
local function buildHuffmanTable(codeLengths)
local n = #codeLengths
local counts = {}
for i = 0, 15 do counts[i] = 0 end
for _, cl in ipairs(codeLengths) do
if cl > 0 then counts[cl] = counts[cl] + 1 end
end
local nextCode = {}
local code = 0
counts[0] = 0
for bits = 1, 15 do
code = lshift(code + counts[bits - 1], 1)
nextCode[bits] = code
end
local htable = {}
for i = 1, n do
local len = codeLengths[i]
if len > 0 then
htable[nextCode[len]] = { sym = i - 1, len = len }
nextCode[len] = nextCode[len] + 1
end
end
return htable
end
local function decodeHuffman(br, htable)
local code = 0
for len = 1, 15 do
code = bor(lshift(code, 1), br:read(1))
local entry = htable[code]
if entry and entry.len == len then
return entry.sym
end
end
error("Invalid Huffman code")
end
-- ─── Code length decoding ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
local CODE_LENGTH_ORDER = {17,18,0,1,2,3,4,5,16,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15}
local function readCodeLengths(br, n)
local numCLCodes = br:read(4) + 4
local clLengths = {}
for i = 1, 19 do clLengths[i] = 0 end
for i = 1, numCLCodes do
clLengths[CODE_LENGTH_ORDER[i] + 1] = br:read(3)
end
local clTable = buildHuffmanTable(clLengths)
local lengths = {}
local prev = 8
while #lengths < n do
local sym = decodeHuffman(br, clTable)
if sym <= 15 then
lengths[#lengths + 1] = sym
if sym ~= 0 then prev = sym end
elseif sym == 16 then
local rep = br:read(2) + 3
for _ = 1, rep do lengths[#lengths + 1] = prev end
elseif sym == 17 then
local rep = br:read(3) + 3
for _ = 1, rep do lengths[#lengths + 1] = 0 end
elseif sym == 18 then
local rep = br:read(7) + 11
for _ = 1, rep do lengths[#lengths + 1] = 0 end
end
end
return lengths
end
-- ─── Prefix code reading ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
local function readPrefixCode(br, alphabetSize)
local simpleCode = br:read(1)
if simpleCode == 1 then
local numSyms = br:read(1) + 1
local firstSym = br:read(1)
local sym1 = br:read(firstSym == 1 and 8 or 1)
local lengths = {}
for i = 1, alphabetSize do lengths[i] = 0 end
lengths[sym1 + 1] = 1
if numSyms == 2 then
local sym2 = br:read(8)
lengths[sym2 + 1] = 1
end
return buildHuffmanTable(lengths)
else
local lengths = readCodeLengths(br, alphabetSize)
return buildHuffmanTable(lengths)
end
end
-- ─── Color cache ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
local function newColorCache(bits)
local size = lshift(1, bits)
local cache = {}
for i = 0, size - 1 do cache[i] = 0 end
return {
size = size,
data = cache,
insert = function(self, color)
-- hash: (0x1e35a7bd * color) >> (32 - bits), masked to cache size
local hash = tobit(0x1e35a7bd * color)
local idx = band(rshift(hash, 32 - bits), size - 1)
self.data[idx] = color
end,
lookup = function(self, idx)
return self.data[idx]
end,
}
end
-- ─── Transform type constants ────────────────────────────────────────────────
local TRANSFORM_PREDICTOR = 0
local TRANSFORM_COLOR = 1
local TRANSFORM_SUBTRACT_GREEN = 2
local TRANSFORM_COLOR_INDEXING = 3
-- ─── Prefix length/distance tables ──────────────────────────────────────────
local PREFIX_EXTRA_BITS = {
0,0,0,0, 1,1,2,2, 3,3,4,4, 5,5,6,6, 7,7,8,8, 9,9,10,10, 11,11,12,12, 13,13
}
local PREFIX_OFFSET = {
0,1,2,3, 4,6,8,12, 16,24,32,48, 64,96,128,192, 256,384,512,768,
1024,1536,2048,3072, 4096,6144,8192,12288, 16384,24576
}
local function prefixToValue(br, code)
if code < 4 then return code end
local extra = PREFIX_EXTRA_BITS[code + 1] or 0
local offset = PREFIX_OFFSET[code + 1] or 0
return offset + br:read(extra)
end
-- ─── VP8L distance offset table (120 entries) ────────────────────────────────
local DIST_MAP = {
{0,1},{1,0},{1,1},{-1,1},{0,2},{2,0},{1,2},{-1,2},
{2,1},{-2,1},{2,2},{-2,2},{0,3},{3,0},{1,3},{-1,3},
{3,1},{-3,1},{2,3},{-2,3},{3,2},{-3,2},{0,4},{4,0},
{1,4},{-1,4},{4,1},{-4,1},{3,3},{-3,3},{2,4},{-2,4},
{4,2},{-4,2},{0,5},{3,4},{-3,4},{4,3},{-4,3},{5,0},
{1,5},{-1,5},{5,1},{-5,1},{2,5},{-2,5},{5,2},{-5,2},
{4,4},{-4,4},{3,5},{-3,5},{5,3},{-5,3},{0,6},{6,0},
{1,6},{-1,6},{6,1},{-6,1},{2,6},{-2,6},{6,2},{-6,2},
{4,5},{-4,5},{5,4},{-5,4},{3,6},{-3,6},{6,3},{-6,3},
{0,7},{7,0},{1,7},{-1,7},{5,5},{-5,5},{7,1},{-7,1},
{4,6},{-4,6},{6,4},{-6,4},{2,7},{-2,7},{7,2},{-7,2},
{3,7},{-3,7},{7,3},{-7,3},{5,6},{-5,6},{6,5},{-6,5},
{8,0},{4,7},{-4,7},{7,4},{-7,4},{8,1},{8,2},{6,6},
{-6,6},{8,3},{5,7},{-5,7},{7,5},{-7,5},{8,4},{6,7},
{-6,7},{7,6},{-7,6},{8,5},{8,6},{7,7},{-7,7},{8,7},
}
-- ─── Main VP8L decode (recursive for transform sub-images) ───────────────────
local function decodeVP8L(br, width, height)
-- color cache
local hasCCache = br:readBool()
local ccache = nil
local ccacheBits = 0
if hasCCache then
ccacheBits = br:read(4)
ccache = newColorCache(ccacheBits)
end
-- collect transforms (applied in reverse after decode)
local transforms = {}
while br:readBool() do
local ttype = br:read(2)
local t = { ttype = ttype }
if ttype == TRANSFORM_PREDICTOR or ttype == TRANSFORM_COLOR then
t.sizeBits = br:read(3) + 2
local tw = math.floor((width + lshift(1, t.sizeBits) - 1) / lshift(1, t.sizeBits))
local th = math.floor((height + lshift(1, t.sizeBits) - 1) / lshift(1, t.sizeBits))
t.data = decodeVP8L(br, tw, th)
elseif ttype == TRANSFORM_COLOR_INDEXING then
t.numColors = br:read(8) + 1
t.colors = decodeVP8L(br, t.numColors, 1)
end
-- SUBTRACT_GREEN has no extra data
transforms[#transforms + 1] = t
end
-- entropy/meta-Huffman image
local groupBits = 0
local groupImage = nil
local numGroups = 1
if br:readBool() then
groupBits = br:read(3) + 2
local gw = math.floor((width + lshift(1, groupBits) - 1) / lshift(1, groupBits))
local gh = math.floor((height + lshift(1, groupBits) - 1) / lshift(1, groupBits))
groupImage = decodeVP8L(br, gw, gh)
local maxG = 0
for _, v in ipairs(groupImage) do
local g = band(rshift(v, 8), 0xffff)
if g > maxG then maxG = g end
end
numGroups = maxG + 1
end
-- alphabet sizes
local ccSize = hasCCache and lshift(1, ccacheBits) or 0
local alphabetG = 256 + 24 + ccSize
-- read Huffman tables for each group (G, R, B, A + distance)
local huffGroups = {}
for g = 1, numGroups do
huffGroups[g] = {
G = readPrefixCode(br, alphabetG),
R = readPrefixCode(br, 256),
B = readPrefixCode(br, 256),
A = readPrefixCode(br, 256),
dist = readPrefixCode(br, 40),
}
end
-- decode pixels
local pixels = {}
local numPixels = width * height
local px, py = 0, 0
local function getGroup()
if not groupImage then return huffGroups[1] end
local gx = rshift(px, groupBits)
local gy = rshift(py, groupBits)
local gw = math.floor((width + lshift(1, groupBits) - 1) / lshift(1, groupBits))
local idx = gy * gw + gx + 1
local g = band(rshift(groupImage[idx] or 0, 8), 0xffff)
return huffGroups[g + 1] or huffGroups[1]
end
while #pixels < numPixels do
local hg = getGroup()
local code = decodeHuffman(br, hg.G)
if code < 256 then
-- literal ARGB (green first, then R, B, A)
local g = code
local r = decodeHuffman(br, hg.R)
local b = decodeHuffman(br, hg.B)
local a = decodeHuffman(br, hg.A)
local color = bor(bor(bor(lshift(a, 24), lshift(r, 16)), lshift(g, 8)), b)
pixels[#pixels + 1] = color
if ccache then ccache:insert(color) end
elseif code < 256 + 24 then
-- LZ77 back-reference
local lenCode = code - 256
local length = prefixToValue(br, lenCode) + 1
local distCode = decodeHuffman(br, hg.dist)
local dist = prefixToValue(br, distCode) + 1
-- remap small distances through VP8L spatial table
if dist <= 120 then
local d = DIST_MAP[dist]
local srcX = px - d[1]
local srcY = py - d[2]
dist = py * width + px - (srcY * width + srcX)
end
local src = #pixels - dist + 1
for i = 0, length - 1 do
local c = pixels[src + i] or 0
pixels[#pixels + 1] = c
if ccache then ccache:insert(c) end
end
else
-- color cache reference
local cacheIdx = code - 256 - 24
pixels[#pixels + 1] = ccache:lookup(cacheIdx)
end
px = px + 1
if px >= width then px = 0; py = py + 1 end
end
-- ─── Apply transforms in reverse order ───────────────────────────────────
for i = #transforms, 1, -1 do
local t = transforms[i]
-- SUBTRACT_GREEN: R += G, B += G (mod 256)
if t.ttype == TRANSFORM_SUBTRACT_GREEN then
for idx = 1, #pixels do
local c = pixels[idx]
local a = band(rshift(c, 24), 0xff)
local r = band(rshift(c, 16), 0xff)
local g = band(rshift(c, 8), 0xff)
local b = band(c, 0xff)
r = band(r + g, 0xff)
b = band(b + g, 0xff)
pixels[idx] = bor(bor(bor(lshift(a, 24), lshift(r, 16)), lshift(g, 8)), b)
end
-- COLOR_INDEXING: replace each pixel's green channel with palette entry
elseif t.ttype == TRANSFORM_COLOR_INDEXING then
local bpp = 8
if t.numColors <= 2 then bpp = 1
elseif t.numColors <= 4 then bpp = 2
elseif t.numColors <= 16 then bpp = 4 end
local newPixels = {}
if bpp == 8 then
for _, c in ipairs(pixels) do
local idx = band(rshift(c, 8), 0xff)
newPixels[#newPixels + 1] = t.colors[idx + 1] or 0
end
else
local pxPerByte = 8 / bpp
local mask = lshift(1, bpp) - 1
for _, c in ipairs(pixels) do
local packed = band(rshift(c, 8), 0xff)
for p = 0, pxPerByte - 1 do
if #newPixels < width * height then
local idx = band(rshift(packed, p * bpp), mask)
newPixels[#newPixels + 1] = t.colors[idx + 1] or 0
end
end
end
end
pixels = newPixels
-- PREDICTOR: undo per-block spatial prediction
elseif t.ttype == TRANSFORM_PREDICTOR then
local sb = t.sizeBits
local tw = math.floor((width + lshift(1, sb) - 1) / lshift(1, sb))
local function getpx(x, y)
if x < 0 then x = 0 end
if y < 0 then return tobit(0xff000000) end
return pixels[y * width + x + 1] or 0
end
local function addARGB(a, b)
local aa = band(rshift(a, 24), 0xff)
local ar = band(rshift(a, 16), 0xff)
local ag = band(rshift(a, 8), 0xff)
local ab = band(a, 0xff)
local ba = band(rshift(b, 24), 0xff)
local br_ = band(rshift(b, 16), 0xff)
local bg = band(rshift(b, 8), 0xff)
local bb = band(b, 0xff)
return bor(bor(bor(
lshift(band(aa + ba, 0xff), 24),
lshift(band(ar + br_, 0xff), 16)),
lshift(band(ag + bg, 0xff), 8)),
band(ab + bb, 0xff))
end
local function avgARGB(a, b)
local aa = band(rshift(a, 24), 0xff)
local ar = band(rshift(a, 16), 0xff)
local ag = band(rshift(a, 8), 0xff)
local ab = band(a, 0xff)
local ba = band(rshift(b, 24), 0xff)
local br_ = band(rshift(b, 16), 0xff)
local bg = band(rshift(b, 8), 0xff)
local bb = band(b, 0xff)
return bor(bor(bor(
lshift(rshift(aa + ba, 1), 24),
lshift(rshift(ar + br_, 1), 16)),
lshift(rshift(ag + bg, 1), 8)),
rshift(ab + bb, 1))
end
local function clampByte(v)
return math.max(0, math.min(255, v))
end
local function clampAddARGB(a, b)
local aa = band(rshift(a, 24), 0xff)
local ar = band(rshift(a, 16), 0xff)
local ag = band(rshift(a, 8), 0xff)
local ab = band(a, 0xff)
local ba = band(rshift(b, 24), 0xff)
local br_ = band(rshift(b, 16), 0xff)
local bg = band(rshift(b, 8), 0xff)
local bb = band(b, 0xff)
return bor(bor(bor(
lshift(clampByte(aa + ba), 24),
lshift(clampByte(ar + br_), 16)),
lshift(clampByte(ag + bg), 8)),
clampByte(ab + bb))
end
local function subARGB(a, b)
local aa = band(rshift(a, 24), 0xff)
local ar = band(rshift(a, 16), 0xff)
local ag = band(rshift(a, 8), 0xff)
local ab = band(a, 0xff)
local ba = band(rshift(b, 24), 0xff)
local br_ = band(rshift(b, 16), 0xff)
local bg = band(rshift(b, 8), 0xff)
local bb = band(b, 0xff)
return bor(bor(bor(
lshift(band(aa - ba, 0xff), 24),
lshift(band(ar - br_, 0xff), 16)),
lshift(band(ag - bg, 0xff), 8)),
band(ab - bb, 0xff))
end
local function halfSubARGB(a, b)
local aa = band(rshift(a, 24), 0xff)
local ar = band(rshift(a, 16), 0xff)
local ag = band(rshift(a, 8), 0xff)
local ab = band(a, 0xff)
local ba = band(rshift(b, 24), 0xff)
local br_ = band(rshift(b, 16), 0xff)
local bg = band(rshift(b, 8), 0xff)
local bb = band(b, 0xff)
return bor(bor(bor(
lshift(rshift(aa - ba, 1), 24),
lshift(rshift(ar - br_, 1), 16)),
lshift(rshift(ag - bg, 1), 8)),
rshift(ab - bb, 1))
end
local function selectARGB(l, tp, tl)
local function absdiff(x, y, s)
return math.abs(band(rshift(x, s), 0xff) - band(rshift(y, s), 0xff))
end
local function dist(x, y)
return absdiff(x,y,24) + absdiff(x,y,16) + absdiff(x,y,8) + absdiff(x,y,0)
end
return dist(l, tl) <= dist(tp, tl) and l or tp
end
for iy = 0, height - 1 do
for ix = 0, width - 1 do
if not (ix == 0 and iy == 0) then
local pidx = iy * width + ix + 1
local L = getpx(ix - 1, iy)
local T = getpx(ix, iy - 1)
local TL = getpx(ix - 1, iy - 1)
local TR = getpx(ix + 1, iy - 1)
local tx = rshift(ix, sb)
local ty = rshift(iy, sb)
local mode = band(t.data[ty * tw + tx + 1] or 0, 0xff)
local pred
if mode == 0 then pred = tobit(0xff000000)
elseif mode == 1 then pred = L
elseif mode == 2 then pred = T
elseif mode == 3 then pred = TR
elseif mode == 4 then pred = TL
elseif mode == 5 then pred = avgARGB(avgARGB(L, TR), T)
elseif mode == 6 then pred = avgARGB(L, TL)
elseif mode == 7 then pred = avgARGB(L, T)
elseif mode == 8 then pred = avgARGB(TL, T)
elseif mode == 9 then pred = avgARGB(T, TR)
elseif mode == 10 then pred = avgARGB(avgARGB(L, TL), avgARGB(T, TR))
elseif mode == 11 then pred = selectARGB(L, T, TL)
elseif mode == 12 then pred = clampAddARGB(L, subARGB(T, TL))
elseif mode == 13 then
local avg = avgARGB(L, T)
pred = clampAddARGB(avg, halfSubARGB(avg, TL))
else pred = L end
pixels[pidx] = addARGB(pixels[pidx], pred)
end
end
end
-- COLOR: undo green/red channel correlations
elseif t.ttype == TRANSFORM_COLOR then
local sb = t.sizeBits
local tw = math.floor((width + lshift(1, sb) - 1) / lshift(1, sb))
for iy = 0, height - 1 do
for ix = 0, width - 1 do
local pidx = iy * width + ix + 1
local c = pixels[pidx] or 0
local tx = rshift(ix, sb)
local ty = rshift(iy, sb)
local m = t.data[ty * tw + tx + 1] or 0
-- unpack signed bytes from transform pixel (stored as ARGB)
local g2r = band(rshift(m, 16), 0xff)
local r2b = band(rshift(m, 8), 0xff)
local g2b = band(m, 0xff)
if g2r >= 128 then g2r = g2r - 256 end
if r2b >= 128 then r2b = r2b - 256 end
if g2b >= 128 then g2b = g2b - 256 end
local a = band(rshift(c, 24), 0xff)
local r = band(rshift(c, 16), 0xff)
local g = band(rshift(c, 8), 0xff)
local b = band(c, 0xff)
r = band(r + math.floor(g2r * g / 256), 0xff)
b = band(b + math.floor(g2b * g / 256) + math.floor(r2b * r / 256), 0xff)
pixels[pidx] = bor(bor(bor(lshift(a, 24), lshift(r, 16)), lshift(g, 8)), b)
end
end
end
end
return pixels
end
-- ─── Public API ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
function WebP.decode(data)
assert(data:sub(1, 4) == "RIFF", "Not a RIFF file")
assert(data:sub(9, 12) == "WEBP", "Not a WEBP file")
local fourCC = data:sub(13, 16)
assert(fourCC == "VP8L", "Only lossless VP8L WebP is supported (got: " .. fourCC .. ")")
-- byte 21 = VP8L signature (0x2f), bitstream starts at byte 22
assert(data:byte(21) == 0x2f, "Invalid VP8L signature byte")
local br = newBitReader(data:sub(22))
local width = br:read(14) + 1
local height = br:read(14) + 1
br:readBool() -- alpha hint flag, unused
local version = br:read(3)
assert(version == 0, "Unsupported VP8L version: " .. version)
local pixels = decodeVP8L(br, width, height)
-- VP8L stores ARGB; Love2D mapPixel expects normalised RGBA floats
local imageData = love.image.newImageData(width, height, "rgba8")
imageData:mapPixel(function(x, y)
local c = pixels[y * width + x + 1] or 0
local a = band(rshift(c, 24), 0xff)
local r = band(rshift(c, 16), 0xff)
local g = band(rshift(c, 8), 0xff)
local b = band(c, 0xff)
return r / 255, g / 255, b / 255, a / 255
end)
return love.graphics.newImage(imageData)
end
function WebP.load(path)
local data = love.filesystem.read(path)
assert(data, "Could not read file: " .. path)
return WebP.decode(data)
end
return WebP